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Read or listen to Juana del Socorro Martínez Baldelomar’s full oral history. Original interview in Spanish. An English translation is also available.

I remember when my mother told me: “daughter if the day you marry, or get together, never let a husband mistreat you verbally or beating you. Because the man who abuses and strikes you does not love, or he wants a slave. And you, I didn’t raise you to be a slave for anyone. I raised you for you to emerge, for you to give value to men, with whom you go.” So when I had their father, at the beginning everything was fine, but eventually he wanted to verbally mistreat, then I said: “wait a minute!” I always tried to appease things, for my children. But one time he wanted to hit, but impulsively I said: “no, this is not going to make him come and hit me”, then I said: “you will put a hand on me or I do not know what I will do.” But once he suffocated, he starts screaming and: “yes I’m going to…” I always had some wooden and ornate corners that came from Masaya, and he who wants to hit me and I say, “come on,” and he wants to come and I don’t know how I fig and stamp it, and when I stamp it he stopped (stops) and I say: “you puts a hand on me and you will regret it. Because here you have a wife, not a slave, not your daughter, and here he will respect me, and your children, and my house.” Then it was the last time he did that, because one, as a woman, must be given to respect, to value and say a “stop”, here no more, and if it does not seem like it, he goes to his house and I to mine.

My mother told me: “daughter, first take your career, have your degree here, and work here, and look for a husband, husband or whatever you want, because you are going to say: ‘I work, I can make decisions and nobody will humiliate me for saying, “give me to buy salt, give me to buy a dress, give me to buy’…. No, give me, no … you are going to make your decisions and you are going to say: ‘you are going to pay this, and I am going to pay here, and we are going to divide the expenses.’”Then it was something that my mother taught me and it was something that I saw as a very young girl. Because I had an aunt, from my dad, that she studied in a school; I remember then because I was very young, and my aunt with a tie, my aunt very elegant. And I said: “I want to be like my aunt. A woman, who studies, prepared, looks pretty.” And then from a very young age, my mother told me: “you have to study, you have to fend, you have to be an outstanding woman, and you are not going to let yourself be humiliated by nobody, because you should be worth it here and wherever you are.” From a very young age that stayed here and never left me. So when I had my children’s father, I was already working.